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Zusammenfassung von Inheritance

Name: Inheritance
Rating: 4.2 (46 reviews)
Author: Sharon Moalem

Sharon Moalem

How Our Genes Change Our Lives, and Our Lives Change Our Genes

4.2 (46 Bewertungen)

16 Min.

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The Body Healthy Living Natural Sciences Life Sciences

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Inheritance
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What’s in it for me? Find out how your genes influence you – and how you influence your genes.

The science of genetics has captured the public imagination. Perhaps not since the 1950s, when Watson and Crick derived the double-helical chemical structure of DNA, has public interest been so fervid. A common legacy, genes are now also a scientific lodestar; understanding what we’ve inherited from the past seems to promise a new and exciting future. Indeed, we hope that deciphering the human genome will expand humanity’s horizons in fantastic and unimaginable ways.

Currently, genes define what we are now. When we admire an exceptional athlete’s physical ability, we ascribe it to her genes. When we marvel at a genius’s mental capacity, we ascribe it to her genes. Strength, intelligence, beauty – genes determine whether you have these qualities or not.

But that’s not the whole story. Our genes don’t only influence who we are; we also have great influence over our genes.

In these blinks, you’ll find out not only how your genes determine your looks, your sex and even your diet but how your genes change with your actions and behavior, and even with the actions of others. In short, you’ll learn how your genes influence you and how you influence your genes.

You’ll also learn

why Ötzi the caveman didn’t like milk;
why identical twins may look very different; and
why smoking spoils the pleasure of your morning coffee.

A person’s looks tell us about her genes and a person’s genes give some indication of her looks.

If you meet someone attractive, complimenting his or her genetics probably won’t make the best first impression. But if you have an eye for detail, you can determine a good amount of genetic information just by looking at someone.

The human eyes alone offer information on a number of genetic conditions.

One genetic condition related to the eyes is called Fanconi anemia, which results in a person having eyes that are extremely close together. Such people are also more likely to suffer from seizures. (But let’s not get too cocky with our genetic detective work: If we were to isolate what influences the amount of spacing between the eyes, we would still be looking at over four hundred genetic combinations.)

The shape of a person’s eyes can also hint at genetic conditions. One of the common signs of Down syndrome is that it places the outer corner of a person’s eyes in a higher position than the inner corner.

Genetics also affects the color of your eyes, and sometimes this can result in color pigments getting an uneven distribution. Other times it can result in heterochromia, a genetic condition that gives someone one eye that is a different color than the other. The actress Demi Moore has this condition: her left eye is green, her right eye is hazel.

Since the link between genetics and appearance is a two-way street, it works the other way around as well: knowledge about someone’s DNA can help you determine a good deal about how they look.

A great example of this is the case of Ötzi, the Stone Age man: In 1991, a mummy over five thousand years old was discovered in northern Italy’s Ötztal Alps.

By analyzing just one piece of the mummy’s left hip, scientists could determine that Ötzi was likely a light-skinned man with brown eyes and an ancestor of today’s Corsicans. But that’s not all. They could also surmise that Ötzi was lactose intolerant, had type O blood and was at high risk of dying from cardiovascular disease.

We can’t predict the health or appearance of our children.

While a sample of someone’s genes can tell a pretty detailed story, there are limits to our powers of speculation, especially when it comes to passing our genes down to the next generation. For instance, even if we know the entire DNA code of a beautiful and healthy couple, we can’t accurately predict how healthy or good-looking their children will be.

One major reason for this is the passive bad genes we sometimes carry: they might not affect us, but there’s no guarantee that they’ll remain passive in our children.

Our genes give some indication of our sex, but modern genetics knows more than just two sexes.

Many of us were taught in biology class that there are two sexes, male and female, and that there are simple characteristics that tell us which is which. However, once you apply the science of genetics, things aren’t so simple.

Those typical male or female characteristics come from someone having certain chromosomes, which are essentially a packaged set of genes.

Which food is best for you depends on both your genes and your behavior.

When you go shopping, do you pay attention to the nutritional information on the packaging? Well, perhaps you should, because if you have certain genetic conditions, this information can actually save your life.

Everyone has genes that determine how well our body will react to certain foods.

Your genes can prepare you to become an athlete and respond to physical training.

If you play a lot of sports, you might know the frustration some people feel at having to work day and night to stay at the top of their game while others seem naturally gifted. Well, this is another result of having the right genes.

Many of the qualities that are shared by the best athletes are influenced by genetics. The overall size of basketball star Shaquille O’Neal or the arm span of Michael Phelps are just two examples.

There are many factors that can alter your genes, including your own actions and external forces.

It’s not unusual for people to blame their behavior on their genes. But what many of us don’t know is that our genes are also affected by our behavior.

In fact, many daily activities can impact our genes and change them, for better or for worse.

Knowing your genome helps others – and you, too.

As we’ve seen in these blinks, there’s a lot of information in your DNA, and having a better understanding of this information has a definite value.

But this knowledge doesn’t just benefit you and your health; there are companies that want to benefit financially by knowing more about your DNA, too.

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Worum geht es in Inheritance?

Inheritance (2014) is proof that you don’t need to be a scientist to understand the importance of your genetics. These blinks explain how your DNA affects your everyday life, from how you look and what you eat to how susceptible you are to things like anxiety and disease. So arm yourself with knowledge, and discover more about the genes that make you who you are.

Bestes Zitat aus Inheritance

Your body is using each gene you carry like a musician uses an instrument. It can be played loudly and softly.

—Sharon Moalem

Wer Inheritance lesen sollte

People interested in medicine and biology
Readers worried about what genes they inherited
Anyone in search of the perfect diet

Über den Autor

Sharon Moalem MD, PhD, is a scientist, physician and author who specializes in showing the world how evolution, genetics, biology and medicine work together. His books, including Survival of the Sickest and How Sex Works, have been translated into more than 20 languages.

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