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Zusammenfassung von Understanding Artificial Intelligence

Name: Understanding Artificial Intelligence
Rating: 4.3 (409 reviews)
Author: Nicolas Sabouret

Nicolas Sabouret

A Straightforward Explanation of AI and Its Possibilities

4.3 (409 Bewertungen)

16 Min.

Kurz zusammengefasst

'Understanding Artificial Intelligence' by Nicolas Sabouret is an introduction to AI concepts, techniques, and applications. It explains the limitations and challenges of AI, and provides insights into its impact on society and ethics.

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What’s in it for me? Gain an understanding of AI and why it isn’t so intelligent after all.

These days, everyone seems to be talking about AI. But what is it? What are its limitations? Should we be scared of what it might be capable of?

The reality is that humans have always been inventors. In prehistoric times, we created harpoons for hunting – when agriculture came along, we created pickaxes, sickles, carts, and even tools to create tools. And then came machines, and some people were afraid of their rapid development. But those machines, too, were only tools.

And now there’s AI and things are moving up a notch. Well, forget what you’ve seen in science fiction. AI won’t replace or enslave us. It doesn’t have free will. AI is also just a tool. But what we must do is learn how to harness AI for good and not misuse it.

In this Blink to Understanding Artificial Intelligence by Nicolas Sabouret, you’ll find out what AI is; why solutions provided by AI may not actually be the perfect ones, but will still be good enough for most purposes; and where the future of AI might be heading.

What exactly is AI?

So let’s clear something up right from the get-go: computers are machines. AI doesn’t make them intelligent. They still do no more than what we tell them to do.

Computers have come a long way, though. At first, they were just simple calculators dealing with numbers and math. Then they progressed from only numbers to dealing with words, then images, and then sound. Nowadays, we even have computers – in our smartphones, for instance – that can listen to our requests and convert them into actions.

They’re capable of all that thanks to algorithms. A simple algorithm that you used at school was the process you used to add large numbers together. You can also think of an algorithm as being like a recipe. Just as a cook knows how to follow a recipe, a computer follows the instructions in the algorithm to give you the required result.

In the early nineteenth century, Charles Babbage was the first to produce a machine capable of following algorithms. And by 1936, Alan Turing had shown that computers can, in theory at least, follow any algorithm, however complicated it might be.

So where does that leave AI, now? For starters, we probably should all be using the term AI programs rather than AI. All AI does is apply an algorithm written by a human to give responses that appear to be “intelligent.” Programmers also use AI itself to write programs using a technique known as machine learning. This is a bit of a misnomer and causes some confusion as actually, the way AI produces new programs is dependent on the quality of the data it receives. So, as has always been the case, the old adage “garbage in, garbage out” holds true.

So is AI really intelligent?

That’s a very good question, but to answer it, we first need to understand what intelligence is. And that isn’t as easy as you might think.

Is it the opposite of ignorance? Consider this: if you were asked when the city of Istanbul was founded, would you know? Most likely not. But does that make you unintelligent? And would you define Wikipedia as being intelligent because it can tell you the answer? (It’s the seventh century BCE, by the way).

What is an AI algorithm?

So now that you know that AI isn’t intelligent in the same way as a human is, let’s take a look at what AI algorithms are.

You might be surprised to learn that they’re nothing special. They’re just like the cooking recipe we mentioned earlier – a step-by-step approach to solving a task. But it’s taken some time and years of research to develop them. And there’s no standardized approach, either, which means there are many different AI algorithms. But they do have some common elements: to overcome the limitations in memory and processing capacity of computers.

How does AI come up with a solution?

There are many AI methods that can be used to solve problems. As we’ve already established, they’re not intelligent and they don’t always provide the best solution to the problem being addressed. Sabouret provides many examples of these methods but here, let’s examine a first principles AI method called exploration.

Imagine you’re in Alexanderplatz on a trip to Berlin and you want to visit Museum Island. You can follow the route on the map and make a note of street names and where you need to turn. You build the route using your intelligence. Most of us can do that, but some might find themselves hopelessly lost. Thankfully, these days, we have GPS to help us. But how exactly does that work?

Where is the future of AI heading?

You might be wondering if we’ll ever build a machine that’s truly intelligent, one that learns as a child does, is aware of the world around it, can feel emotions, and with which we can build a future.

It’s a difficult question to answer, but although some researchers believe so, Sabouret says that there’s no current evidence to suggest that it’ll be possible.

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Worum geht es in Understanding Artificial Intelligence?

Understanding Artificial Intelligence (2021) aims to demystify the subject of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for everyone, including those who don’t have an IT or mathematical background. It will give you a basic understanding of how AI works and why sometimes it makes mistakes or offers imperfect solutions.

Wer Understanding Artificial Intelligence lesen sollte

The AI-curious
Nonspecialists who want to deepen their knowledge about AI
Sci-Fi fans worried about a dystopian future ruled over by AI overlords

Über den Autor

Nicolas Sabouret is a professor of computer science at Université Paris-Saclay. He’s a Doctor in Artificial Intelligence and has supervised a great deal of research in his field.

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