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Zusammenfassung von Emotions Revealed

Name: Emotions Revealed
Rating: 3.7 (45 reviews)
Author: Paul Ekman

Paul Ekman

Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life

3.7 (45 Bewertungen)

16 Min.

Themen

Emotionale Intelligenz Wandel & Evolution Körpersprache Kompetenzen Trauma & Heilung

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Emotions Revealed
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What’s in it for me? Enable your emotion detector.

We often hear that body language says as much as, if not more than, the words we speak. Given that we so often non-verbally communicate what we can’t, or don’t want, to say out loud, it makes sense to gain fluency in this other, unspoken language.

This is a language every human was once fluent in. Before the development of verbal language, our bodies and faces were the only means of human communication. And, of course, it was the face that had to signal our most nuanced emotions. Deciphering facial expressions is something of a lost art – but we still know quite a bit about how emotions manifest as facial expressions. That’s what these blinks are all about.

You’ll also find out

that the human eyebrow has an emotional range;
why you should look at the jaw if you want to avoid a fight; and
how to distinguish the two feelings easily detected in the eyes.

Our emotions are the product of evolution and are still attuned to the concerns of our ancestors.

If you’ve ever been embarrassed after crying your eyes out during a Pixar movie, you may have wished you could make your emotions less visible. But outward displays of emotion like these are actually very useful evolutionary tools.

In fact, these sometimes uncontrollable emotional reactions are innate, and they’re still triggered by the same things that our ancestors had to deal with.

For instance, animals were a main threat to our ancestors, and some of these predators have been around so long that they’ve become imprinted on our brain, always eliciting a fearful reaction.

Swedish psychologist Arne Ohman tested this theory in 1993. He wanted to determine whether people today are more sensitive to things like spiders and snakes, which would have been a threat to our ancestors as well.

So, Ohman showed his subjects an image of a spider accompanied by an electric shock. He then repeated this procedure with an image of a pretty flower, also accompanied by a shock.

A single electric shock coupled with the picture of the spider was sufficient for people to react with fear when shown the image of the spider alone. In contrast, it took many more shocks to condition people to fear the image of the flower.

Okay, but what about a more modern threat, like guns?

Ohman repeated the experiment, this time pairing a shock with an image of a modern gun and then with an image of a spider.

Again, the ancient fear proved more powerful: test subjects took just as long to react fearfully to the gun as they did to react to the flower, while the spider remained innately frightening.

This is strong evidence, suggesting that our emotions, especially fear-based ones, are hand-me-downs from our ancestors and their experiences.

Childhood trauma can lead to volatile emotions, especially when it repeats ancestral patterns.

Sometimes our emotions can defy logic. If you have a fear of heights, then you probably know that, when standing atop a tall building, even if the roof is skirted by a high railing and a safety net, you’ll always be afraid of falling.

Irrational emotions like these can be extremely powerful, especially if they’re the result of a childhood trauma.

Sadness is revealed though raised inner eyebrows, contracted cheeks and widened lips.

Now that you have a better idea of where your own emotions come from, how do you recognize the emotions of others?

Let’s examine one particular photograph to see what we can determine.

Anger is displayed by lowered brows, glaring eyes and thin lips, though signals can vary culturally.

To examine the signs of anger, let’s turn to a different subject.

In 1997, a picture was taken of Maxine Kenny while she was at the trial of the man convicted of raping and murdering her 38-year-old daughter. Maxine, restrained by police officers, shouted insults and tried to attack the man who took her daughter away from her. Her face was the very picture of anger.

The eyes are where to look for fear and surprise; subtle clues will help you tell the difference.

Imagine living in a high-rise apartment building and sitting peacefully on your balcony, when all of a sudden a body falls past you on its way down to the ground. Chances are, your emotional reaction would be an expression of either fear or surprise.

But how would an observer tell the difference?

Someone’s smile and voice can indicate different kinds of happiness, but not all smiles are genuine.

If you’ve ever seen the faces of friends and family welcoming back a loved one from a tour of duty in the military, then chances are you’ve seen the beaming smiles that accompany expressions of true joy.

While someone’s smile is the most recognizable and universal sign of happy emotions, the voice also plays an important part.

Lies are difficult to detect, but micro-expressions can lead the trained eye to the truth.

Distinguishing between the truth and a lie can sometimes be a matter of life and death. Imagine being a psychiatrist who has to figure out if a suicidal patient is telling the truth when he claims to be feeling much better.

In many instances, determining what is the truth and what is a lie is quite difficult.

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Worum geht es in Emotions Revealed?

Emotions Revealed (2003) puts emotions under the microscope, revealing where they come from and how to recognize them, whether they’re yours or someone else’s. If you’ve ever wanted to know if someone was being dishonest or trying to deceive you with a friendly smile, these are the blinks for you!

Bestes Zitat aus Emotions Revealed

My will and reason were powerless against the imagination of a danger which had never been experienced. - Charles Darwin

—Paul Ekman

Wer Emotions Revealed lesen sollte

Law enforcement officers who need to recognize the emotions of criminals and victims
Therapists and psychologists who want to help patients cope with their emotions
Empathetic people who want to connect more effectively with others

Über den Autor

Paul Ekman is a consulting psychology expert for police departments and security offices. He’s also helped Pixar Studios bring animated characters to life by availing them of his expertise on emotions and how they’re revealed through facial expression.

Kategorien mit Emotions Revealed

Wissenschaft Psychologie

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