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Napoleon the Great
How Napoleon Conquered Europe and Changed the World
- Read in 24 minutes
- Audio & text available
- Contains 15 key ideas
Synopsis
Napoleon the Great (2014) is an in-depth look into the life and times of the infamous French conqueror, Napoleon Bonaparte. These blinks detail how Napoleon, once a penniless young man, became a general at the age of 24 before going on to revolutionize the French military and government, and leaving an indelible mark on European and world history.
Key idea 1 of 15
Despite being born into a lower-class family, Napoleon rose to become one of the French army’s youngest officers.
If there’s one thing we all know about Napoleon, it’s that he was as French as they come, right? Well, the truth is he wasn't even born in mainland France; rather, the life of this great conqueror began on August 15, 1769, on the island of Corsica, a Mediterranean island freed from Italian control in 1755 – and which only became part of France in 1768.
In other words, Napoleone di Buonaparte, as he was named at birth, came from Italian roots. And although his family had a respectable position in Corsican society, his father had to apply for nobility to ensure his son’s prosperity.
Napoleon’s parents were Carlo and Letizia Buonaparte and, although Carlo was a proud Corsican, he jumped at an opportunity to obtain a secure government job. Around 1769, Carlo pledged his loyalty to Louis XV of France.
The Buonaparte family was large and Letizia bore 13 children, eight of whom survived childhood. So, in 1771, to provide for his family, Carlo applied for the Buonapartes to be recognized as Corsican nobility, in order to open up all the benefits that would afford his children. This application was successful and among those benefits was that Napoleon was able to attend the Royal Military School of Brienne-le-Château.
Once there, he studied hard and was soon excelling in his classes. He was often teased by his classmates for being one of the first Corsicans to attend the school, and considered as fake nobility, but that only made Napoleon work harder to prove himself. He studied eight hours a day, learning all he could about math, Latin, history, weaponry and the arts. It was during this time that he also learned to speak French, though he would speak it with a Corsican accent his entire life.
In the end, his hard work paid off; at the age of just 16, he became one of the youngest French army officers, and the only Corsican at that time to hold a prestigious artillery commission.
Key ideas in this title
- Despite being born into a lower-class family, Napoleon rose to become one of the French army’s youngest officers.
- Amid the chaos of the French Revolution, Napoleon proved himself on the battlefield and quickly advanced in military rank.
- An impressive Italian campaign made Napoleon a French hero.
- An Egyptian campaign cost Napoleon many men.
- While his marriage was off to a rocky start, Napoleon was spreading Enlightenment thought through his military campaigns.
- Napoleon participated in a risky coup against the French government, securing even greater power.
- Napoleon fought off an Austrian attack, winning large parts of Italy for France.
- Although some would fail, Napoleon secured historic peace deals.
- With impressive victories at Austerlitz and Jena, Napoleon aimed to force a British surrender.
- It took a series of brutal battles for Napoleon and Russia to finally reach a peace agreement.
- Napoleon hoped that the Continental System would unite nations – but all it did was produce another deadly campaign.
- Unable to protect Paris from the Coalition Forces, Napoleon was exiled to the Mediterranean.
- Escaping from Elba, Napoleon made an audacious move to reclaim his throne and save his empire.
- After a crushing defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon was sent to the island of Saint Helena where he would live out the rest of his days.
- Final summary
