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Zusammenfassung von Heretic

Name: Heretic
Rating: 2.6 (94 reviews)
Author: Ayaan Hirsi Ali

Ayaan Hirsi Ali

Why Islam Needs a Reformation Now

2.6 (94 Bewertungen)

19 Min.

Kurz zusammengefasst

Heretic by Ayaan Hirsi Ali is a memoir that explores the author's journey from growing up in a strict Muslim family to becoming an outspoken critic of Islam. She discusses the need for reform within the religion and the challenges she faced as a result of her views.

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What’s in it for me? See why Islam is inherently violent and needs reformation.

Ever since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, we’ve lived in an era of brutal violence committed in the name of Islam, especially these days, with the rise of terrorist groups such as Islamic State (IS) and Boko Haram.

But what is it that motivates Muslims to commit terrorist crimes? And how can such crimes be justified by religion?

These blinks offer insights on the religious foundations of Islamist terrorism, and the ways in which Islamic scriptures support violence against anyone who doesn’t believe in Islam or abide by its rules. See why a Muslim reformation is urgently needed, and why it has stalled so far.

In these blinks, you’ll learn

why it’s so difficult for Muslims to criticize Islam;
why some Islamic countries still apply seventh-century sharia law; and
how an Islamic reformation will emerge.

Islam is not a peaceful religion, and Islamic terrorist groups and Islamic states commit violence in its name.

In order to understand why crimes are committed in the name of Islam, and to be able to resolve this problem, we need to look at the core concepts and foundational texts of Islam. More importantly, we need to reconsider what they mean.

Because as it stands now, Islam is not considered a peaceful religion.

Of course, the vast majority of Muslims are peaceful. However, the holy text of Islam, the Qur’an, justifies violence by explicitly allowing for it in certain situations. For instance, the Qur’an says violence is justifiable in cases of blasphemy, adultery or when family honor is threatened.

More importantly, though, Islamic terrorists believe that the Qur’an calls for violence.

The Kouachi brothers believed that the magazine Charlie Hebdo had committed blasphemy by printing cartoons depicting Muhammad. Therefore, they believed their killing spree at the magazine’s offices on January 7, 2015, was justified by the Qur’an.

They clarified this belief by sparing the life of a female employee, explaining that they didn’t kill women and telling her, “What you are doing is bad. I spare you, and because I spare you, you will read the Qur’an.”

In addition, Islamic terrorist groups such as Al Qaeda, Islamic State and Boko Haram cite religious texts when advocating violence.

But these beliefs aren’t just the interpretation of individuals or terrorist groups; some countries also follow these beliefs. In Pakistan, criticism of the Prophet Muhammad or of Islam is considered blasphemous and punishable by death.

In Saudi Arabia, the Islamic royal family allows beheadings. One recent spate occurred in August, 2014, when a beheading occurred almost every day. Meanwhile, in Iran, stoning is an acceptable form of Islamic punishment and homosexuality is a crime punishable by hanging.

If terrorists and states believe that Islam supports their violent acts, it makes sense to hold the religion and the Muslim community accountable for perpetuating this belief. In the next blink, however, we’ll see why this is difficult.

There are three groups of Muslims.

To believe in Islam is to believe in the Qur’an, which contains the revelations of the Angel Gabriel to the Prophet Muhammad, and the Hadith, which details Muhammad’s life and words.

All Muslims share these core beliefs. But, obviously, not every Muslim has the exact same beliefs. One major source of their differences comes from the Prophet Muhammad’s changing behavior over time.

A Muslim reformation depends on the abandonment of five religious tenets and a reinterpretation of the Qur’an.

While there have been calls for change and a Muslim reformation in the past, these attempts have rarely said what precisely needs to be changed.

So, to be a bit more specific, here are five central tenets of the Islamic faith that need to be changed or abandoned.

Muslim reformation has been blocked by the inability to criticize Islam and the interconnectedness of religion and state.

Making a Muslim reformation happen is easier said than done. As we’ve seen, many Islamic countries reward criticism of Islam with severe punishment or even death – that’s obviously a major reason why many attempts at reform have stalled.

Part of the reason criticism is considered blasphemous is the belief that the Qur’an is unquestionably timeless and perfect. Therefore, the idea of reform simply doesn’t exist in Islamic doctrine, unless it means returning to Muhammad’s first principles.

Islam differs from other religions in its unquestioned religious beliefs and strict social order.

Unlike Christianity or Judaism, Islam is unique in the way it views both its sacred Prophet and Scriptures.

For Christians, Jesus is a divine being – but they understand that the Bible was written by men. And while Jews believe in the sanctity of the Torah, they attribute the writings to Moses, who is seen as an imperfect human prophet.

Islamic sharia law is outdated but still applied, and some expect it to be enforced by all Muslims.

You may have heard the word sharia on TV or read about it in newspapers – it’s quite a controversial subject these days.

In previous blinks, we’ve seen that sharia is another name for Islamic law, that it was derived from the Qur’an and how it organizes all public and private life. This sharia is still enforced today, despite the fact that it permits outdated and cruel forms of punishment.

Jihad has ingrained violence in Islam and must be forbidden by Islamic authorities.

Jihad is another term that’s heard often these days. You might think that Islamic terrorists and jihadist groups misuse Islamic scriptures to justify their violence.

However, these scriptures actually don’t need to be changed in any way to support violence and terrorism in the name of Islam. After all, jihad is deeply ingrained as a religious obligation of Islam.

Fortunately, there are early signs of an Islamic reformation.

Despite all the obstructions, there is already a growing number of people in favor of a Muslim reformation. After all, Muslims are just like everyone else: they want the best life possible for themselves and their children. Radical fundamentalism has little to offer in that regard.

Three factors are coming together to make this the perfect time for real reform.

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Worum geht es in Heretic?

Heretic (2015) takes an unblinking look at Islam and issues a call for reformation. By examining the fundamental scriptures of the Qur’an and Islamic law, we can find plenty of evidence to suggest that Islam has far too much justification for violence written into its core belief system. Find out why it’s not too late to change things and how the time might be perfect for an Islamic reformation.

Bestes Zitat aus Heretic

...an increasing proportion of organized violence in the world is happening in countries where Islam is the [main] religion.

—Ayaan Hirsi Ali

Wer Heretic lesen sollte

Religious historians
Scholars of Islam
People interested in the reasoning behind Islamic terrorism

Über den Autor

Ayaan Hirsi Ali is an award-winning human rights activist and fellow at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. Growing up Muslim in Somalia, she moved to the Netherlands, where she went from cleaning factories to becoming a member of the Dutch Parliament. Her other books include Infidel and Nomad.

Kategorien mit Heretic

Gesellschaft & Kultur Religion & Glaube

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