Forgotten Ally summary

Understanding China’s Role in WWII

In Forgotten Ally, Rana Mitter delves into the often overlooked history of China's role in World War II. He begins by setting the stage, providing a detailed account of the political landscape in China during the 1930s. Mitter introduces the key figures of this period, including Chiang Kai-shek, leader of the Chinese Nationalist Party, and Mao Zedong, the head of the Communist Party of China. He also outlines the complex relationship between these two leaders and their respective parties.

The narrative then shifts to Japan's invasion of China in the 1930s, leading to the brutal Second Sino-Japanese War. Mitter describes the atrocities committed by the Japanese forces, particularly the infamous Nanjing Massacre, and the impact of these events on the Chinese population. He also highlights the international response, or lack thereof, to these war crimes.

The Forgotten Ally

In the midst of these tumultuous events, Mitter argues that China emerged as a 'forgotten ally' in the global conflict against the Axis powers. While the European theater of the war often takes center stage in historical accounts, Mitter emphasizes the significant role China played in tying down a large portion of Japanese forces, which might otherwise have been deployed elsewhere in the Pacific or Southeast Asia.

He further explores the complex relationship between China and the Western Allies, particularly the United States. While the US provided vital support to China, including the famous 'Flying Tigers' air squadron, Mitter argues that this assistance was often insufficient and came with its own set of political complications.

The Internal Struggle

In the latter part of Forgotten Ally, Mitter delves into the internal power struggle within China. The Nationalists, led by Chiang Kai-shek, were locked in a bitter civil war with the Communist forces led by Mao Zedong, even as they fought a common enemy in the Japanese. Mitter presents the complex dynamics of this three-way struggle, with shifting alliances and conflicting priorities.

He also examines the impact of the war on Chinese society and the economy, highlighting the immense human cost and the challenges of maintaining a united front against the Japanese aggressors. Despite these challenges, Mitter emphasizes the resilience and determination of the Chinese people in their fight against the invaders.

The Aftermath and Legacy

The final chapters of Forgotten Ally cover the end of World War II and its aftermath in China. Mitter describes the complicated negotiations between the Nationalists and the Communists, brokered by the Allied powers, and the eventual resumption of the civil war. He also examines the impact of the war on China's international standing and its role in the post-war world order.

In conclusion, Mitter argues that the war against Japan was a crucial turning point in modern Chinese history. It not only shaped the outcome of World War II but also laid the foundation for the Communist victory in the Chinese Civil War and the subsequent establishment of the People's Republic of China. Forgotten Ally thus offers a comprehensive and compelling reassessment of China's often overlooked role in the global conflict.